• Estimating the Space Debris Density Function using Radar Beam Park Measurements 

      Vierinen, Juha; Hermann, Frank; Kastinen, Daniel; Kero, Johan; Markkanen, Jussi; Grydeland, Tom (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Estimating the density of space debris as a function of orbital elements and size is crucial for determining the risk of collision of spacecraft. For objects 1 cm or larger in diameter, this information can be obtained using beam park observations made with powerful ground based radars. This study presents a novel technique for estimating the density of space debris as a function of orbital elements ...
    • Multi-instrument observations of the Pajala fireball: origin, characteristics, and atmospheric implications 

      Vierinen, Juha; Aslaksen, Torstein; Chau, Jorge L.; Gritsevich, Maria; Gustavsson, Bjorn Johan; Kastinen, Daniel; Kero, Johan; Kozlovsky, Alexandre; Kværna, Tormod; Näsholm, Sven Peter; Ulich, Thomas; Vegum, Ketil; Midtskogen, Steinar; Lester, Mark (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-11-07)
      Meteor observations provide information about Solar System constituents and their influx onto Earth, their interaction processes in the atmosphere, as well as the neutral dynamics of the upper atmosphere. This study presents optical, radar, and infrasound measurements of a daytime fireball that occurred on 4 December 2020 at 13:30 UTC over Northeast Sweden. The fireball was recorded with two video ...
    • Radar observability of near-Earth objects using EISCAT 3D 

      Kastinen, Daniel; Tveito, Torbjørn; Vierinen, Juha; Granvik, Mikael (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2020-07-15)
      Radar observations can be used to obtain accurate orbital elements for near-Earth objects (NEOs) as a result of the very accurate range and range rate measureables. These observations allow the prediction of NEO orbits further into the future and also provide more information about the properties of the NEO population. This study evaluates the observability of NEOs with the EISCAT 3D 233 MHz 5 MW ...
    • Radar size inference from statistics of RCS samples 

      Anfinsen, Stian Normann; Grydeland, Tom; Vierinen, Juha; Kastinen, Daniel; Ricker, Robert; Arntzen, Ingar M; Kero, J.; Høgda, Kjell Arild (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2023)
      Radar Beam-park experiments have been very successful in characterizing the distribution of space debris objects, both in terms of orbital parameters but also in terms of limiting the estimates of their radar cross section, or RCS. A recent paper \[0\] used observed range and range rates to refine orbit estimates by matching up the observed SNR curve to that predicted by simulations. This gives good ...
    • Using radar beam-parks to characterize the Kosmos-1408 fragmentation event 

      Kastinen, Daniel; Vierinen, Juha; Grydeland, Tom; Kero, Johan (Journal article; Tidsskriftartikkel; Peer reviewed, 2022-10-22)
      We describe the use of radar beam-park experiments to characterize the space debris resulting from a recent fragmentation event, the deliberate demolition of the defunct Kosmos-1408 satellite. We identify the Kosmos-1408 fragments and present distribution of measurement parameters as well as proxy orbit parameters. We present and apply a novel technique to estimate the size of objects by matching ...